Eng mining engineering this dissertation will explore the process followed in the design of a sublevel open stope. Covers the design and operation of sublevel open stoping, along with variants resembling bench stoping. Gravity flow of broken rock in sublevel caving slc. In cases where multiple lift sublevel stoping is used to mine relatively wide orebodies, a series of primary and secondary stopes can be designed for extraction along the strike of a deposit. The miners are always working under solid backs and have a safe avenue of retreat through the subdrifts to.
A long hole stoping system for mining narrow platinum reefs advantages of this mining method it allows for a low safety and health risk as well as improved working environment. Slos by using examples of actual stopes scheduled to be in production between august. Posted by matrix on 12th march 2014 this volume from crc press is published next month. Longwall longwall in coal longwall in hard rock sublevel caving characteristics of the ore body and mining method development production equipments used block caving introduction historical evolution of the method condition deposit principles of the method methodology of block caving basic issues of geomechanical to the black caving method. It is defined as a concentration of minerals that can be exploited and turned into a saleable product to generate a financially acceptable profit under existing economic conditions. Underground hard rock mining refers to various underground mining techniques used to excavate hard minerals, usually those containing metals such as ore containing gold, silver, iron, copper, zinc, nickel, tin and lead, but also involves using the same techniques for excavating ores of gems such as diamonds or rubies. Backfill practices for sublevel stoping system springerlink. Development for sublevel open stoping at the carr fork mine excavation design and mining methods in the 1100 ore body, mount isa mine, australia mining below the. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on youtube. The slot will the level of the roof of the stope extraction. Download geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping pdf. The orebody is developed first by a series of sublevel drifts above the main haulage level.
In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of single lift stope geometries linked to vertical crater retreat are also analysed. In this mining method, the ore is excavated in open stopes, retreating from one end of the stope toward the other. Sublevel stoping, cut and fill mining and sublevel caving have generally replaced shrinkage mining in australia, europe and canada. Sublevel stoping is not dependent on the width of the ore body. It is the first comprehensive work on one of the most important underground mining methods worldwide, presenting topics according to the conventional sublevel stoping process used by most mining houses, in which.
Slc is nowadays usually applied in hard, strong ore materials in which the hanging wall progressively caves, keeping pace with the retreating rings. The studies are carried out based on the sublevel stoping method and its variant lbh where. Pdf evaluacion tecnicoeconomica del metodo sublevel. Section 10 shrinkage methods mike turner australian. Sublevel caving this method owes the first part of its name to the fact that work is carried out on many intermediate levels that is, sublevels between the main levels. Economic comparison of drilling systems in sublevel.
Introduction the sublevel stoping mining method is usually applied to a relatively steeply dipping, competent ore body, surrounded by competent wall rock. Sublevel stoping mining methods are generally employed to extract steeply dipping tabular ore deposits characterized by relatively long strikes and having various thicknesses. The implications of design to the recovery of the sublevel cave stopes, with the greater sublevel intervals, is described in this thesis. In the sublevel variation of open stoping, the stope faces retreat from the end of the ore body or stope limit longitudinally or where the stopes are run across the lode from one of its walls. Physical work is reduced and it is easier to motivate the workforce.
Click download or read online button to get geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping book now. Informes internos corporacion minera castrovirreyna. Qualquer metodo empirico tem sua aplicabilidade restrita a situacoes onde ha. Economic comparison of drilling systems in sublevel stoping method kazem oraee1 and amir houssain bangian2 drilling constitutes an important part of the production process in sublevel stoping method and up to 50% of the total costs can be attributed to this element. Underground mining methods and applications production headframe hans hamrin 1. A long hole stoping system for mining narrow platinum reefs. Soft rock mining refers to excavation of softer minerals such as salt, coal. The sublevels are connected by a starting raise at one end of the stope and by a passageway raise for. Ore is produced by drilling and blasting longholes, which can range from 50 mm 2 in. Pdf technical economic evaluation of sublevel stoping method and. Underground mining machinery glossary bibliography biographical sketches summary.
Geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping top results of your surfing geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to. Practical design strategy is discussed with the sliding plane sp concept. Sublevel stoping by courtesy of tamrock sandvick copyright. Ebook geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping as pdf. Widths of less than 6 m 20 ft, however, make the utilization of longhole drilling techniques more difficult. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want.
The first comprehensive work on one of the most important underground mining methods worldwide, geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping presents topics according to the conventional sublevel stoping process used by most mining houses, in which a sublevel stoping geometry is chosen for a partic. Pdf evaluacion tecnicoeconomica del metodo sublevel stoping y. Evaluacion tecnicoeconomica del metodo sublevel stoping y su variante lbh. Harraz presentation sublevel stoping 14 slot initial. With the advent of recently developed sophisticated and expensive drilling. The main criteria for sublevel open stoping are competent ore and stable host rock, regular ore boundaries, and a footwall dip that exceeds the angle of repose of broken ore. Shrinkage mining was a common stoping method prior to mechanised mining and the introduction of hydraulic fill. Stope extraction in multiple levels increases production and flexibility. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping crc press book. The method is still used in a handful of nonmechanised mines in south america, africa, asia and canada. The second half of the name derives from the caving of the hanging wall and. Design and operational issues for increasing sublevel cave.
Finally, key components of multiple lift stoping such as. Geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping download. Ore is recovered from each sublevel in a planned sequence of primary and secondary stopes with delayed backfill in a manner to create a stress shadow to avoid high stress. Discusses will improve in sublevel spacing because of advances inside the drilling of longer and proper manufacturing holes, along with advances in explosive varieties, charges, and initiation methods. Potvin stability graph applied to brazilian geomechanic.